1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
|
## Main links, portals, etc.: ##
* Wikipedia articles [on the
outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_coronavirus_outbreak),
[on the
virus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2)
and [on the disease it
causes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_disease_2019).
* [Daily situation
reports](https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports/)
and [general
updates](https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019)
by the WHO.
* [Covid-19 global cases situation dashboard by John
Hopkins](https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6) (and [mobile version](https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/85320e2ea5424dfaaa75ae62e5c06e61)),
updated daily ([historical
data](https://github.com/CSSEGISandData/COVID-19)).
* [Covid-19 coronavirus section on
Worldometer](https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/).
* [Covid-19 page by Our World in
Data](https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus).
* Epidemic data by Wolfram Data [for the
world](https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/examples/COVID19World) and
[for China](https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/examples/COVID19China).
* [Temporal variation in the reproduction number, rate of spread, and
doubling time during the course of the COVID-19
outbreak](https://epiforecasts.io/covid/posts/global/) by the Centre
for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases.
* [Phylogenetic tree of 2019-nCoV
strains](https://nextstrain.org/ncov) on Nextstrain ([data
source](https://github.com/nextstrain/ncov)).
* [Virus pathogen data portal on
2019-nCoV](https://www.viprbrc.org/brc/home.spg?decorator=corona_ncov).
* [CSV and JSON files with case counts per country, compiled
daily](https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/coronavirus-covid19-evolution-par-pays-et-dans-le-monde-maj-quotidienne/) \[metadata in French\].
* [SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) by the
numbers](https://github.com/milo-lab/SARS-CoV-2/raw/master/versions/SARS-CoV-2_BTN.pdf)
fact sheet (updated regularly).
* [COVID-19 Open Research Dataset
(CORD-19)](https://pages.semanticscholar.org/coronavirus-research)
by Semantic Scholar.
* [Bibliovid: veille scientifique sur
Covid-19](https://bibliovid.org/) \[in French\].
* [MedCram series of medical
lectures](https://www.youtube.com/user/MEDCRAMvideos/videos) with
frequent updates on the epidemic.
## Country-specific links ##
* France
* Epidemiological summary in France:
[2020-03-15](https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-et-infections-respiratoires/infection-a-coronavirus/documents/bulletin-national/covid-19-point-epidemiologique-du-15-mars-2020),
[2020-03-24](https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-et-infections-respiratoires/infection-a-coronavirus/documents/bulletin-national/covid-19-point-epidemiologique-du-24-mars-2020),
[2020-04-02](https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-et-infections-respiratoires/infection-a-coronavirus/documents/bulletin-national/covid-19-point-epidemiologique-du-2-avril-2020),
[2020-04-09](https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-et-infections-respiratoires/infection-a-coronavirus/documents/bulletin-national/covid-19-point-epidemiologique-du-9-avril-2020),
[2020-04-16](https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-et-infections-respiratoires/infection-a-coronavirus/documents/bulletin-national/covid-19-point-epidemiologique-du-16-avril-2020),
[2020-04-23](https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-et-infections-respiratoires/infection-a-coronavirus/documents/bulletin-national/covid-19-point-epidemiologique-du-23-avril-2020).
* Epidemiological monitoring data set: [from emergency
services](https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/donnees-des-urgences-hospitalieres-et-de-sos-medecins-relatives-a-lepidemie-de-covid-19/)
and [from hospitals](https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/donnees-hospitalieres-relatives-a-lepidemie-de-covid-19/).
* [Covid-19 France cases situation](https://metabase.cedricguadalupe.com/public/dashboard/e771e5ed-45a0-40cd-b9c6-026c86a67117)
* [Avis du conseil scientifique Covid-19](https://solidarites-sante.gouv.fr/actualites/presse/dossiers-de-presse/article/covid-19-_conseil-scientifique-covid-19)
* Italy
* [Epidemiological monitoring data set](https://github.com/pcm-dpc/COVID-19/)
## Topical or time-specific links: ##
* [Cluster of COVID-19 in northern France: A retrospective closed
cohort
study](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.18.20071134v1)
(2020-04-23) by the Institut Pasteur. Analyses the results of
antibody detection tests on blood samples from a cluster connected
to the high school of Crépy-en-Valois, finding an attack rate of
26%.
* [Covid-19: one-month impact of the French lockdown on the epidemic
burden](https://www.ea-reperes.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ImpactConfinement-EHESP-20200322v1.pdf)
(2020-04-22) modelling by EHESP team.
* [Estimating the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in
France](https://hal-pasteur.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-02548181)
(2020-04-21) by the Institut Pasteur. Among conclusions, finds that
lockdown reduced the reproductive number from 3.3 to 0.5, and that
5.7% of the population will have been infected by May 11. *\[Move
this to the country-specific section?\]*
* [Persistence and efficiency of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: the
state of current
knowledge](https://www.vidal.fr/actualites/24770/persistance_et_efficacite_des_anticorps_neutralisants_contre_le_sars_cov_2_etat_des_connaissances_et_lecons_des_autres_coronavirus_humains/) (2020-04-20 \[in French\]).
* [Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19
patients](https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/04/02/2004168117)
(2020-04-06, PNAS) ⚔ [Twitter thread discussing
this](https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status/1248059832038502402).
* [Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected
With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region,
Italy](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764365)
(2020-04-06, JAMA).
* [Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face
masks](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0843-2) (Nature
brief communication, 2020-04-03).
* [“Coronavirus: Bad News Wrapped in Protein” infographic by the New
York
Times](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/04/03/science/coronavirus-genome-bad-news-wrapped-in-protein.html)
(2020-04-03), illustrating the proteins coded for by the SARS-CoV-2
genome and what function they (are thought to) have.
* [Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with
Covid-19](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2196-x)
(2020-04-01, *Nature*), virological analysis of nine cases focusing
on virus replication and shedding in the upper respiratory tract.
* [Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons
learned from SARS and MERS
epidemic](http://apjai-journal.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/1.pdf),
review article in Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology
(2020-03, vol. 38).
* [Estimating the number of infections and the impact of
non-pharmaceutical interventions on Covid-19 in 11 European
countries](https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/medicine/sph/ide/gida-fellowships/Imperial-College-COVID19-Europe-estimates-and-NPI-impact-30-03-2020.pdf)
(2020-03-30) by the Imperial College Covid-19 Response Team.
* [Coronavirus: the key numbers we must find
out](https://medium.com/@davidbessis/coronavirus-the-core-metrics-we-should-be-looking-at-2ca09a3dc4b1)
(2020-03-26 Medium piece by David Bessis) emphasizes how little we
know of the fatality ratio of Covid-19.
* [Perspectives on the Pandemic by Dr. John
Ioannidis](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEr4rmjwd0g) (2020-03-25)
cautions against making decisions without reliable data (e.g.,
regarding fatality rate) (an extension of Dr. Ioannidis's 2020-03-17
[“Fiasco in the making?” opinion
piece](https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/17/a-fiasco-in-the-making-as-the-coronavirus-pandemic-takes-hold-we-are-making-decisions-without-reliable-data/)
in *Stat News*).
* [Using a delay-adjusted case fatality ratio to estimate
under-reporting](https://cmmid.github.io/topics/covid19/severity/global_cfr_estimates.html)
(2020-03-22) by the Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious
Diseases.
* [The early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy,
Italy](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.09320) (2020-03-20 preprint),
epidemiological characterization of the first 5830 lab-confirmed
cases.
* [A thread about immunity by Nicholas
A. Christakis](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1240689935557865472.html)
(2020-03-20) explaining what we now know and don't know.
* [A thread about
favipiravir](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1240261123712126978.html)
(2020-03-18) as a possible treatment of Covid-19.
* [The proximal origin of
SARS-CoV-2](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0820-9)
(Nature Medicine correspondence, 2020-03-17).
* [Global Covid-19 Case Fatality
Rates](https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/global-covid-19-case-fatality-rates/)
(2020-03-17, regularly updated), an estimation of CFR and IFR by the
University of Oxford's Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.
* [Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared to
SARS-CoV-1](https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2004973)
(Letter in NEJM, 2020-03-17).
* [Excess cases of Influenza like illnesses in France synchronous with
Covid-19
invasion](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.14.20035741v1)
(2020-03-17 preprint), suggest larger circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in
the French population than apparent from confirmed cases. ⁂ See also
[this Twitter
thread](https://twitter.com/FLAHAULT/status/1240337073531506690) for
analogous observations in various countries.
* [Covid-19 ou la chronique d'une émergence
annoncée](https://www.college-de-france.fr/site/actualites/Covid-19ChroniqueEmergenceAnnoncee.htm)
(conference at the Collège de France, 2020-03-16, \[in French\]).
* [Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery:
a case report of non-severe
COVID-19](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0819-2) (Nature
correspondence, 2020-03-16).
* [Forecasting short-term hospital needs in
France](https://www.ea-reperes.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/PredictedFrenchHospitNeeds-EHESP-20200316.pdf) (2020-03-16).
* [Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce Covid-19
mortality and healthcare
demand](https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/medicine/sph/ide/gida-fellowships/Imperial-College-COVID19-NPI-modelling-16-03-2020.pdf)
(2020-03-16) by the Imperial College Covid-19 Response Team.
* [Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid
dissemination of novel coronavirus
(SARS-CoV2)](https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/03/13/science.abb3221), published in *Science* (2020-03-16).
* [Reinfection could not occur in SARS-CoV-2 infected rhesus
macaques](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.13.990226v1)
(2020-03-14 preprint) assesses the immunity to SARS-CoV-2 from a
first infection in the case of rhesus macaque monkeys.
* [The convalescent sera option for containing
COVID-19](https://www.jci.org/articles/view/138003) (Journal of
Clinical Investigation, 2020-03-13) argues that human convalescent
serum is an option for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease
that could be rapidly available when there are sufficient numbers of
people who have recovered.
* [Early epidemiological assessment of the transmission potential and
virulence of Covid-19 in Wuhan City
China](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.12.20022434v2)
(2020-03-13 preprint) estimates that the proportion of infected
people in Wǔhàn was far larger than estimated (and the fatality rate
far lower than estimated).
* [Coronavirus: Why it's so deadly in
Italy](https://medium.com/@andreasbackhausab/coronavirus-why-its-so-deadly-in-italy-c4200a15a7bf)
(2020-03-13 Medium piece), emphasizes the role of demographics.
* [Estimates of the severity of COVID-19
disease](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.09.20033357v1)
(2020-03-13 preprint) puts the overall IFR at 0.7% and gives a
breakdown per age group.
* [How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of
the Covid-19
epidemic?](https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2820%2930567-5/fulltext)
(2020-03-09), a comment in The Lancet with a general discussion of
the state of the epidemic and possible strategies.
* American Hospital Association's “Best Guess Epidemiology” has been
[reported on
Twitter](https://twitter.com/sethbannon/status/1236125593290276864)
on 2020-03-07, estimating a disease burden of ~10× severe flu season
(attack rate ~30–40%, of which 5% requiring hospitalization, 1–2%
requiring ICU, 0.5% fatal).
* [How to contain an
epidemic](https://www.franceculture.fr/emissions/la-methode-scientifique/la-methode-scientifique-emission-du-vendredi-06-mars-2020),
radio broadcast on 2020-03-06 \[in French\] with infectiologist
Anne-Claude Crémieux and epidemiologist Arnaud Fontanet.
* [General information meeting about Covid-19 at the
Sorbonne](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWRKNKnt0ig) (2020-03-05).
* [Etimation of infection and case fatality ratios for Covid-19 using
data from Diamond
Princess](https://cmmid.github.io/topics/covid19/severity/diamond_cruise_cfr_estimates.html)
by the Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases,
online 2020-03-05.
* [Serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID-19)
infections](https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(20)30119-3),
published 2020-03-04, estimates the median serial interval at 4.0
days.
* [Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their
inactivation with biocidal
agents](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300463),
published 2020-03 (not specific to SARS-CoV-2).
* [Twitter thread by Nicholas
A. Christakis](https://twitter.com/NAChristakis/status/1235204443362205699)
(on 2020-03-04) on the benefits of closing schools, based on a study
of the effects of the 1918 flu pandemic; key message: closing early
is important.
* [A paper on the origin and continuing evolution of
SARS-CoV-2](https://academic.oup.com/nsr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036/5775463)
published on 2020-03-03 in the National Science Review, discussing
the coexistence of two types of strains, which they call ‘L’ (more
virulent) and ‘S’ (less virulent), the ‘L’ being more prevalent but
the ‘S’ becoming seemingly progressively more frequent because human
actions put more pressure against the more virulent strains. ⚔
[Beware](https://twitter.com/SciTania/status/1235283259510214656)
that the difference in virulence is inferred from propagation rates
rather than observed on clinical data, and the selective pressure
explanation is debatable.
* [Report on monitoring of persons exposed to patients with
Covid-19](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6909e1.htm)
published 2020-03-03 in CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report:
key finding places symptomatic secondary attack rate at 0.45% among
close contacts and 10.5% among household members. ⚔ Here a [critical
look](https://twitter.com/AdamJKucharski/status/1235124770896826369)
at these figures by epidemiologist Adam Kucharski.
* [The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus:
classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it
SARS-CoV-2](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-020-0695-z)
(Nature Microbiology Consensus Statement, 2020-03-02).
* [SARS-Cov-2 and the lessons we have to learn from
it](https://medium.com/@edwardnirenberg/sars-cov-2-and-the-lessons-we-have-to-learn-from-it-e2017fd5d3c),
a well-written general summary by Edward Nirenberg (2020-03-02).
Emphasis: “The real issue is what having this pandemic does to
healthcare systems globally.”
* [A discussion in *Science*
Magazine](https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/china-s-aggressive-measures-have-slowed-coronavirus-they-may-not-work-other-countries)
(2020-03-02; [Twitter
thread](https://twitter.com/kakape/status/1234603592407044096)) on
[the WHO
report](https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf)
(released 2020-02-28) on the joint WHO-Chinese mission led by Bruce
Aylard to study the state of the epidemic in China; key message: the
measures taken by Chinese authorities to contain the epidemic
worked, but unclear what will happen in the long run or whether they
can be applied in other countries.
* [A fairly detailed FAQ
video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oA8XYSftmtQ) \[[index of
questions at
1′10″](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oA8XYSftmtQ#t=1m10s)\]
uploaded on 2020-03-03 by [Inés
Dawson](https://twitter.com/InesLauraDawson). *\[TODO: write some
kind of summary here.\]*
* [Simulation of the effect of extra
hand-washing](https://twitter.com/FryRsquared/status/1234491912775782400)
on the spread of an epidemic (a simulation performed in 2018,
retweeted on 2020-03-02); key message: it really has an impact, not
just on the speed of progression but also on the final attack rate.
* Two hour-long live interviews \[in French\] by Brut: [Arnaud
Fontanet (epidemiologist at the Institut
Pasteur)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vs2oyLSlo0Q) on
2020-02-26, and [Éric Caumes (head of the department of infectious
diseases at the Pitié hospital in
Paris)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5thFsjoHok) on 2020-02-28.
*\[I didn't have time to watch.\]*
* [Twitter Q&A
thread](https://twitter.com/MackayIM/status/1233509962292375559) by
virologist [Ian M. Mackay](https://virologydownunder.com/) on
2020-02-28; discusses, inter alia, reinfection
([here](https://twitter.com/MackayIM/status/1233512522168356864),
[here](https://twitter.com/MackayIM/status/1233512323358363654) and
[here](https://twitter.com/MackayIM/status/1233511497017561090);
seems to think false recovery is more likely than reinfection),
[attack
rate](https://twitter.com/MackayIM/status/1233511899083530240)
(thinks 70% is probably overestimated), [virus
lifetime](https://twitter.com/MackayIM/status/1233522944137187329),
[fatality rate in
Italy](https://twitter.com/MackayIM/status/1233521001578803200)
(probably seems high because of observation bias) and more.
* [A discussion of seasonality of SARS-CoV-2 by epidemiologist Marc
Lipsitch](https://docs.google.com/document/d/17mWPx-HTE1F2RKkbJlt4VkSYaznUiJgt21nuvmu51Kc)
\[date≤2020-02-26\]; summary: despite seasonality of related
viruses, it probably won't go away on its own in the summer.
* [A primer for the general public on virus
mutation](https://ccdd.hsph.harvard.edu/mutation-adaptation-and-virus-genomes-a-primer-for-the-public/)
\[date≤2020-02-26\]; main message is that we don't know much about
mutations of this particular virus, but mutations aren't
particularly scary in and of themselves.
* [Interview of Éric Caumes (head of the department of infectious
diseases at the Pitié hospital in
Paris)](https://www.jim.fr/e-docs/covid_19_la_riposte_est_elle_plus_redoutable_que_le_virus__181852/document_jim_tube.phtml)
on 2020-02-25 \[in French\], discussing various issues
(contagiousness, attack rate, fatality rate, mutation rate, etc.);
main message seems to be that we are overreacting.
* [Thread by epidemiologist Marc
Lipsitch](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1231425805898657795.html)
on 2020-02-23 ([Twitter
link](https://twitter.com/mlipsitch/status/1231425805898657795)),
discussing the possibility and effectiveness of (temporary vs
long-term) countermeasures (case-based containment vs lockdowns,
etc.); expresses skepticism as to effectiveness of Chinese lockdowns
(and reliability of reported figures).
* [What we have learnt as of 2020-02-20, MOOC by epidemiologist Arnaud
Fontanet for the Institut
Pasteur](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l_NxT9XJHk); summarizes
main information as of this date. *\[TODO: write better summary
here.\]*
* [Thread by epidemiologist Marc
Lipsitch](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1228373884027592704.html)
on 2020-02-14 ([Twitter
link](https://twitter.com/mlipsitch/status/1228373884027592704)),
discussing attack rate (=cumulated infection rate) r and the
estimation that 40%≲r≲70% “in a situation without effective
controls” based on comparison with similar epidemics.
* [Epidemiological characteristics report published in *China CDC
Weekly*](http://weekly.chinacdc.cn/fileCCDCW/journal/article/ccdcw/newcreate/COVID-19.pdf)
\[[mirror](https://github.com/cmrivers/ncov/blob/master/COVID-19.pdf)\]
detailing breakdown of cases and statistics up to 2020-02-11 (72 314
cases).
## More stuff ##
* [Links to Covid-19 related
articles](https://www.reddit.com/r/Coronavirus/comments/feo68j/humanity_wins_our_fight_to_unlock_32544_covid19/fjpbaph/)
unlocked after pressure on publishers.
## Not Covid-19 specific but still relevant ##
* Definition of [morbidity frequency
measures](https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson3/section2.html)
and [mortality frequency
measures](https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson3/section3.html)
from (online version of) the CDC's book *Principles of Epidemiology
in Public Health Practice*: explains definitions of “attack rate”,
“secondary attack rate”, “case-fatality rate”, etc.
* Wikipedia page about [compartmental models in
epidemiology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compartmental_models_in_epidemiology)
such as the SIR model.
* [Epidemiological parameter review and comparative dynamics of
various human respiratory
infections](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.04.20020404v1).
* [Contacts in context: large-scale setting-specific social mixing
matrices from the BBC *Pandemic*
project](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.16.20023754v2)
evaluating social mixing data.
## My own explanatory threads on Twitter ##
* [On evidence or lack of evidence that Covid-19 infections confer
immunity](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1254069215264419841.html)
and [an epidemiological estimation of the order of magnitude of
immunity conferred by
HCoVs](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1254105660440092674.html)
(2020-04-25).
* [Why the variance of infectious contacts received matters more than
the variance of infectious contacts
made](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1252581933835575297.html)
(2020-04-21).
* [Problems with the definition of “herd
immunity”](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1250817310526525440.html)
(2020-04-16).
* [The problem with using models to predict the
future](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1249738327143501824.html)
(2020-04-13).
* [Experiments on the influence of the social graph structure on
attack rates of
epidemics](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1241745979663155203.html)
(2020-03-22).
* [Putting the Imperial College paper (by Ferguson &al) in
perspective](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1240713126233899008.html)
(2020-03-19).
* [On strategies ① (contain) and ② (mitigate) when dealing with an
epidemic](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1237372990540713984.html)
(2020-03-10).
* [On the final attack rate in the SIR epidemic
model](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1236324650315059200.html)
(2020-03-07).
|